economic importance of coconut

[43], The specific name nucifera is derived from the Latin words nux (nut) and fera (bearing), for 'nut-bearing'. (2009). Based on color and size, younger coconuts tend to be smaller and have brighter colors, while more mature coconuts have browner colors and are larger. Spread coconut flakes thinly on a baking sheet and put them in the oven for around five or 10 minutes until they're golden brown. Rigby (1995) assigned them to modern Cocos nucifera based on its size. IMPORTANCE OF COCONUT Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. As per 201415 statistics from Coconut Development Board of Government of India, four southern states combined account for almost 90% of the total production in the country: Tamil Nadu (33.8%), Karnataka (25.2%), Kerala (24.0%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.2%). These includes two specimens named "Cocos" palaeonucifera and "Cocos" binoriensis, both were dated by their authors to the MaastrichtianDanian of the early Tertiary (70 to 62 million years ago). Mature coconuts are ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 3045 cm (1218 inches) in length and 1520 cm (68 inches) in diameter. economic importance of coconut However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. Several countries economies are based on the coconut palm. [66] However, it can also be argued that the placement of the vulnerable eye of the nut (down when floating), and the site of the coir cushion are better positioned to ensure that the water-filled nut does not fracture when dropping on rocky ground, rather than for flotation. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. It is predominantly used in the bakery and confectionary industries (especially in non-coconut-producing countries) because of its longer shelf life compared to freshly grated coconut. This, together with their use of the South American sweet potato, suggests that Austronesian peoples may have sailed as far east as the Americas. The shells of the coconut can also be used to create charcoal, which has a variety of industrial and domestic uses. [153], The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. ~The effect will be much stronger when consumed by adding ~When mask made with milk inside coconut, color tone of skin will be opened. The coconut industry is an important pillar of Philippine agriculture. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. Coconuts only came into prominence as an important food item after the 1860s and this was largely due to its use by the Indian indentured immigrants who had replaced the slaves on the plantations and who had used coconuts in a variety of ways in their native land. : B.arenosella, B.atriloqua (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), B.mathesoni (feeds exclusively on C.nucifera), and B. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. In large amounts, coconut water might cause potassium levels in the blood to become too high. [4], A study in 2011 identified two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations of coconuts, one originating from Island Southeast Asia (the Pacific group) and the other from the southern margins of the Indian subcontinent (the Indo-Atlantic group). A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each fruit requires a year to fully ripen. However, admixture, the transfer of genetic material, evidently occurred between the two populations. Philippine and Malayan dwarf coconuts diverged early into two distinct types. Coconut meat can also be cut into larger pieces or strips, dried, and salted to make "coconut chips" or "coco chips". Domesticated coconuts also have more amounts of coconut water. Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment, Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts, Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders. Mature coconuts, ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 300450 mm (1218 inches) in length and 150200 mm (68 inches) in diameter, have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the familiar single-seeded nut of commerce. Adkins S.W., M. Foale and Y.M.S. In the Ilocos region of the northern Philippines, the Ilocano people fill two halved coconut shells with diket (cooked sweet rice), and place liningta nga itlog (halved boiled egg) on top of it. It also plays a central role in the Coconut Religion of Vietnam. Economic theory posits that economic welfare is the total benefit available to society provided by various economic transaction and situation (Economic Online, 2014). Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. In Belize, coconuts are grown countrywide. The stiff midribs of coconut leaves are used for making brooms in India, Indonesia (sapu lidi), Malaysia, the Maldives, and the Philippines (walis tingting). [133], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. In comparison, mature coconuts with the husk intact can be stored for three to five months at normal room temperature . The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. It is used for cooking various dishes. Coconut water is LIKELY SAFE for most adults when consumed as a drink. The fruit, meat, water, and milk of the coconut are all widely consumed as part of the diet in many parts of the world. Scientific studies have found it effective for treating enlarged prostate and improving serum cholesterol. The husks can be used as flotation devices. What is the economic importance of coconut? In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. Stem Aerial, erect, unbranched and columnar, having prominent scars of leaf bases. Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The natural planting, harvesting, and processing of coconuts along with its tropical climate makes for perfect growth conditions of this tropical delicacy. [18][19][20] What Is The Importance Of Coconut? - Sweetish Hill You probably already have everything you need in your pantry, kitchen, or medicine cabinet. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. It provides the hair with natural shine and softness. PT. In the Philippines, the traditional tool is known as the halabas and is made from a long bamboo pole with a sickle-like blade mounted at the tip. Economic Importance of Coconut Oil | Bizfluent 37(9):830-5, 2004. Its BRIX level is 16 [sugars] compared to 12 in sugarcane juice. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009[update] yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. Every part of the palm is usable for human needs -- food, shelter and fiber. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. [109] The production of coconuts is the main source of Sri Lanka economy, with 12% of cultivated land and 409,244 hectares used for coconut growing (2017). These skilled, unpaid laborers can pick hundreds of coconuts daily. [145] They can also be processed to extract palm sugar. [71] They have been found in the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Africa and South America for less than 500 years (the Caribbean native inhabitants do not have a dialect term for them, but use the Portuguese name), but evidence of their presence on the Pacific coast of South America antedates Columbus's arrival in the Americas. It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. The ancient coconut groves of Dhofar were mentioned by the medieval Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta in his writings, known as Al Rihla. Some cultivars such as 'Fiji dwarf' form a large bulb at the lower stem and others are cultivated to produce very sweet coconut water with orange-colored husks (king coconut) used entirely in fruit stalls for drinking (Sri Lanka, India). Future Fibres: Coir - Food and Agriculture Organization As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. Economic Importance of Coconut Oil | Bizfluent A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. Coconuts probably originated somewhere in Indo-Malaya and are one of the most important crops of the tropics. Coconuts were also later spread in historic times along the coasts of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans by South Asian, Arab, and European sailors. Other aspects such as seed size, shape and weight, and copra thickness are also important factors in the selection of new cultivars. [111], Coconut oil is increasingly used in the food industry. Economic welfare can be evaluated through consumer surplus and producer surplus. [77], Coconut has a number of commercial and traditional cultivars. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Moreover, it also helps to increase productivity and improve agricultural product value. economic importance of coconut. The coconut industry also generates employment and supports local businesses, contributing to the overall economic development of these communities. Samosir (eds.) The milk or cream obtained by squeezing the granted kernel diluteded in water is sued in many preparations. The young coconut plants need to be nursed and irrigated with drip pipes until they are old enough (stem bulb development) to be irrigated with brackish water or seawater alone, after which they can be replanted on the beaches. Omissions? It also had ceremonial importance in pre-colonial animistic religions. What is the economic importance of coconut? Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. [138] Coconut oil extracted from coconut milk or copra is also used for frying, cooking, and making margarine, among other uses.[134][139]. [79][80][81], To avoid this, coconuts workers in the Philippines and Guam traditionally use bolos tied with a rope to the waist to cut grooves at regular intervals on the coconut trunks. Copyright 2023 Cocoanesia. However, it is not native and displays a genetic bottleneck resulting from a founder effect. Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall, with pinnate leaves 46m (1320ft) long, and pinnae 6090 centimetres (23ft) long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. They are also used as a garnish for various dishes, as in klepon and puto bumbong. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. Saturated fat is associated with hypercholesterolemia high cholesterol , atherosclerosis hardening of the arteries , and heart disease. It has applications in furniture and specialized construction, as notably demonstrated in Manila's Coconut Palace. [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". in semiotics from Brown University and completed coursework for an M.A. Coconut meal: Nutraceutical importance and food industry application Economic aspects of Coconut Lethal Yellowing in Jamaica The importance of coconut palmoil subsequently decreased due to competition from other vegetable oils, particularly palm oil from Elaeis guineensis. Importance, Composition and Uses of Coconut - agriinfo.in The Hindu goddess of well-being and wealth, Lakshmi, is often shown holding a coconut. They grow best near sea level, within 15 degrees of the Equator. Elzebroek, A.T.G. Use aloe vera to keep skin strong and healthy. HE Moore Jr, NW Uhl. Some cultivars are more drought resistant such as 'West coast tall' (India) while others such as 'Hainan Tall' (China) are more cold tolerant. It is the dominant form in the Indo-Atlantic coconuts. The hard shells, fibrous husks and long pinnate leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decoration. de Lourdes Arruzazabala, M.; Molina, V.; Ms, R.; Carbajal, D.; Marrero, D.; Gonzlez, V.; Rodrguez, E. (2007). [158], The leftover fiber from coconut oil and coconut milk production, coconut meal, is used as livestock feed. Traditionally, dessert banana plants and local wild beach flora such as Scaevola taccada and Ipomoea pes-caprae were used as humidity-supplying green undergrowth for coconut trees, mixed with sea almond and sea hibiscus. Economic importance of coconut fruit. Benefits of Coconut Fruit: Why It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. It has a crunchy watery texture and a slightly sweet taste. de Lourdes Arruzazabala, M.; Molina, V.; Ms, R.; Carbajal, D.; Marrero, D.; Gonzlez, V.; Rodrguez, E. (2007). See also Can Raw Coconut Cause Stomach Pain? As of 2006, the U. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. PETA later clarified that the use of macaques is not practiced in the Philippines, India, Brazil, Colombia, Hawaii, and other major coconut-producing regions. [28] In west-central India, numerous fossils of Cocos-like fruits, leaves, and stems have been recovered from the Deccan Traps. But this is uncommon. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Therefore, eating coconuts regularly reduces the risk of developing osteoporosis. (1993). Coconut requires low to no inputs within an existing land use area unchanged in 100 years. Fruit farming is one of the most important and long-standing traditions in India, having been done before the beginning of time. Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. Trees grow up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall and can yield up to 75 fruits per year, though fewer than 30 is more typical. Economic importance of coconut pdf - Znvyi 50 % of existing coconut palms have passed their economic bearing age (60 years) and are due for replanting, around 900 million coconut seedlings are required at a value of USD$ 2.7 Billion to secure a sustainable future for the global coconut estate. Copra prices went down and plantations were neglected or under-planted with other crops. It kills bacteria in the mouth and reduces bad breath. The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. [72] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. The meat of green coconuts is still developing, so they contain mostly water (2). It is still the largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 64% of the global production. Riung Wangi III No.53, Bandung, West Java. The inner posterior tepal is completely outside. Coconuts could not reach inland locations without human intervention (to carry seednuts, plant seedlings, etc.) The falling of their mature fruit has led to preoccupation with death by coconut.[3][5]. Sweet coconut sap can be made into drinks or fermented into palm wine or coconut vinegar. Coconut oil is a "functional food" that is popular in traditional medicine in Asia and used worldwide to treat a wide variety of health problems from abscesses to upset stomachs. Why Are There No Coconuts In North India? What happens when you drink coconut water for 7 days? For other uses, see, "Coconut tree" redirects here. The know-how of coconut cultivation and necessary soil fixation and irrigation may have found its way into Omani, Hadrami and Al-Mahra culture by people who returned from those overseas areas. What Are the Major Regions of Manufacturing Lisa Smith has been an editor and writer since 1991. Malakatad (literally "leather-like") refers to fully mature coconut meat (around 8 to 9 months old) with an opaque white appearance, a tough rubbery to leathery texture, and is difficult to separate from the shell. It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. What are 10 uses for a coconut? [112] Proteins from coconut may cause food allergy, including anaphylaxis. The study contended that an adaptation to coral atolls would explain the prehistoric and modern distributions of Cocos, would have provided the necessary evolutionary pressures, and would account for morphological factors such as a thick husk to protect against ocean degradation and provide a moist medium in which to germinate on sparse atolls. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports the top producers are the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. On account of this, thepalm has been regarded as Kalpvriksh (Tree of heaven). These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. Severe frost is usually fatal, although they have been known to recover from temperatures of 4C (25F). Updates? It prefers areas with abundant sunlight and regular rainfall (1,5002,500mm[5998in] annually), which makes colonizing shorelines of the tropics relatively straightforward. However, both James Cook and William Bligh[69] (put adrift after the Bounty mutiny) found no sign of the nuts along this 2,000km (1,200mi) stretch when he needed water for his crew. [18][19] Niu vai endocarp fragments have been recovered in archaeological sites in the St. Matthias Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. [21][22], Unlike some other plants, the palm tree has neither a taproot nor root hairs, but has a fibrous root system. The endocarp or shell is used for fuel for making shell charcoal, activated carbon etc. VCO is extracted f rom the fresh , matur e coconut kernel mechanically with or without t he use of heat. [171] Often it is decorated with bright metal foils and other symbols of auspiciousness. Yet, its high in calories and saturated fat, so you should eat it in moderation. Fancy utensil can be prepare from shell. econom y of Sri Lanka. Perera, Champa K. Bandaranayake and Hugh C. Harries. These have much lower fat content and are suitable as milk substitutes. Based on linguistic evidence, the absence of words for coconut in the Taiwanese Austronesian languages makes it likely that the Austronesian coconut culture developed only after Austronesians started colonizing the Philippines. (April 2006). In addition, fossils of potential Cocos ancestors have been recovered from both Colombia and India. In Vanuatu, coconut palms for copra production are generally spaced 9m (30ft) apart, allowing a tree density of 100 to 160 per hectare (40 to 65 per acre). typica) and "Dwarf" (var. The traditional coconut farming in these countries is an integral part of their life, culture and identity. All the parts-of the Wonder palm are useful to making in one way or other. What are the importance of coconut and its different uses? Sri Lanka established its Coconut Development Authority and Coconut Cultivation Board and Coconut Research Institute in the early British Ceylon period.[109]. De-husked coconuts typically weigh around 750 to 850 grams (1lb 10oz to 1lb 14oz). [114], The coconut palm is grown throughout the tropics for decoration, as well as for its many culinary and nonculinary uses; virtually every part of the coconut palm can be used by humans in some manner and has significant economic value. Nutrition Facts: Vegetable Oil, Coconut. [74], Brontispa longissima (coconut leaf beetle) feeds on young leaves, and damages both seedlings and mature coconut palms. The UAE has, however, imposed strict laws on mature coconut tree imports from other countries to reduce the spread of pests to other native palm trees, as the mixing of date and coconut trees poses a risk of cross-species palm pests, such as rhinoceros beetles and red palm weevils. However, they can be found in humid areas with low annual precipitation such as in Karachi, Pakistan, which receives only about 250mm (9+34in) of rainfall per year, but is consistently warm and humid. In the Hainuwele myth from Maluku, a girl emerges from the blossom of a coconut tree. ", "Structure and Function of the Haustorim in Germinating Coconut Palm Seed", "Fossil fruit of Cocos L. (Arecaceae) from Maastrichtian-Danian sediments of central India and its phytogeographical significance", "An update of monocot macrofossil data from New Zealand and Australia", "A Fossil Coconut Fruit from the Early Eocene of Gujarat", "Long-distance dispersal of the coconut palm by migration within the coral atoll ecosystem", "Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (, "Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion", "Coconuts: not indigenous, but quite at home nevertheless", "An early sophisticated East Polynesian voyaging canoe discovered on New Zealand's coast", "Germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity", "Deep history of coconuts decoded: Origins of cultivation, ancient trade routes, and colonization of the Americas", "Complete sequence and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of coconut palm (, The Coconut Odyssey the bounteous possibilities of the tree of life, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, "Report: 26 provinces quarantined for coconut pest", "Coconut production in 2019, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)", "Petenes mangroves: types and severity of threats", "Health of coconut tree climbers of rural southern India medical emergencies, body mass index and occupational marks: A quantitative and survey study", "Philippine coconut industry: No monkey business here", "The Chemistry of Coconut Milk and Cream", "New mechanical coconut climbing device developed", "A study on skills for trade and economic diversification (STED) in the non-traditional coconut export sectors of the Philippines". 3rd Floor, St Patricks Complex, Brigade Road, It is a tree that is cultivated for its multiple utilities, mainly for its nutritional and medicinal values. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Tempurung, as the shell is called in the Malay language, can be used as a soup bowl and if fixed with a handle a ladle. It is governed by a single recessive gene (there are studies to this effect) and . Over the course of evolutionary time-scales the shifting atolls would have shortened the paths of colonization, meaning that any one coconut would not have to travel very far to find new land. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. [185], This article is about the plant. During germination, the embryo pushes out of the functional pore and forms a haustorium (the coconut sprout) inside the central cavity. According to the Just Change Trust in India, over 500 million coconut palms are cultivated in tropical regions, where coconuts are the prime source of fats and protein for more than 400 million people. [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. In foods, coconut is used in various preparations. Pintonesia Trading Corp has served customers from all over the world and it has become our top priority to meet our customers satisfaction and expectations. In Sanskrit, it is kalpa vriksha ("the tree which provides all the necessities of life"). Coconut fruit in the wild are light, buoyant, and highly water resistant. [27][28] Endt & Hayward (1997) have noted their resemblance to members of the South American genus Parajubaea, rather than Cocos, and propose a South American origin. Bourke, R. Michael and Tracy Harwood (Eds.). [61][63] The tall variety is outcrossing while dwarf palms are self-pollinating, which has led to a much greater degree of genetic diversity within the tall group. coconut, edible fruit of the coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera ), a tree of the palm family (Arecaceae). Coconuts were introduced by Europeans to the Americas only during the colonial era in the Columbian exchange, but there is evidence of a possible pre-Columbian introduction of Pacific coconuts to Panama by Austronesian sailors. The meat may also be grated and mixed with water to make coconut milk, which is used in cooking and as a substitute for cows milk. [23] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. Saturated fats can easily filter and re-circulate molecules to facilitate absorption by liver. Man cannot subsist solely on cereal grains. 2017-08-20 10:24:51. Although archaeological remains dating back to 1000 to 500BCE also suggest that the Indo-Atlantic coconuts were also later independently cultivated by the Dravidian peoples, only Pacific coconuts show clear signs of domestication traits like dwarf habits, self-pollination, and rounded fruits. [7] A frayed piece of root can also be used as a toothbrush. How useful is a coconut tree Write 5 sentences? AGRI INFO - My Agriculture Information Bank, Importance, Composition and Uses of Coconut. [151][152], Coconut butter is often used to describe solidified coconut oil, but has also been adopted as an alternate name for creamed coconut, a specialty product made of coconut milk solids or pured coconut meat and oil.[117]. (2015), however, suggests that their diversity in New Zealand indicate that they evolved endemically, rather than being introduced to the islands by long-distance dispersal. [10], True-to-type dwarf varieties of Pacific coconuts have been cultivated by the Austronesian peoples since ancient times. [49][11][65][64], Another ancestral variety is the niu leka of Polynesia (sometimes called the "Compact Dwarfs"). [158], The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, one of the most valuable Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. Based on these separate introductions, coconut populations can still be divided into Pacific coconuts and Indo-Atlantic coconuts, respectively. It also promotes scalp health by fighting against insect bite, lice and dandruff. It is claimed that they evolved to disperse significant distances via marine currents. [146] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). In the United States, coconut palms can be grown and reproduced outdoors without irrigation in Hawaii, southern and central Florida,[110] and the territories of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands.

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