how does douglass refute this counterclaim?

When he spoke those words he was less than 10 years removed from the depredations of slavery, and the position he took in that 1847 speech reiterates the signature doctrine of his early Garrisonian mentors, for whom condemnation of the Constitution as a villainous compromise with slavery represented an article of abolitionist faith. . Learn what a claim and counterclaim is in argumentative texts, and study examples of the components of an argument. Although, Douglass is able to be direct our thoughts to these experiences in such a light, you feel as if you are witnessing it happen right before you. jim preston mchenry, il obituary. What country have I? he asked, a member of a race placed outside the protections of law, and answered, I have no patriotism. I will also contrast how Douglass' view was very similar to that of the women in antebellum America, and the role that Christianity played in his life as a slave and then. His argument is reinforced though a variety of anecdotes, many of which detailed strikingly bloody, horrific scenes and inhumane cruelty on the part of the slaveholders. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? I will focus my attention on how education allowed Douglass to understand how slavery was wrong, and how the Americans saw the blacks as not equal, and only suitable for slave work. What is the "mournful wail" that gives Douglass the topic for his speech? Douglass's sometimes stern emphasis on the virtues of self-reliance and self-elevation does not mean that he had grown insensitive to the magnitude of the difficulties yet to be overcome; nor . work!! As the author of three autobiographies, Douglass framed his life story as a series of reversals of fortune suggestive of the possibility of liberating revolutionary change. For example, This evidence may be true; however, the objection does not change the fact that. All of the violence and the degradation was intended, Douglass makes clear, to rob African-Americans of their humanity. Dont pick a straw man. In other words, dont pick a weak opposing argument that is too easy to refute. [20] Douglass, Speech on the Dred Scott Decision, in Life and Writings, Vol. [6] James Madison, Speech of June 6, 1787, in Records of the Federal Convention of 1787, Vol. What did Frederick Douglass oppose? For example, in Virginia, "there are seventy-two crimeswhich, if committed by a black man, subject him to the punishment of death; while only two of the same crimes will subject a white man to the like punishment". Finally, in the introduction is the thesis (claim). His first hand accounts of the cruel nature of slavery and the thought. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - indbras.com.br We are able to explore new ideas and concepts, which leads to more knowledge. Who can reason on such a proposition? Once again, that hopefulness was grounded primarily in his appreciation of the unique virtue of Americas beginning; first things are always interesting, he liked to say,[10] and most of all in the case of a new nation dedicated to universal principles of justice. He not only. II, pp. In Douglasss day, the forces of disintegration were represented by slaveholders, white supremacists, segregationists, colonizationists, and the more extreme partisans of state or regional sovereignty, and also by black emigrationists and other proponents of black nationalism in its own more extreme forms. Some of his works are obvious and others are a bit harder to see. V, pp. How do you think that refuting a misconception strengthened your presentation? Shubhra Mohanty June 09, 2022 There are three parts of the structure of an argumentative essay: introduction, body, and conclusion. [39] Address of the Colored National Convention to the People of the United States, October 47, 1864, in Life and Writings, Vol. Ivo Silveira 8877, km. 29 plumtrees road newtown, ct; popular subdivision names; how to cite the implicit association test [7] At the heart of all that he learned and taught were these simple propositions: A formidable thinker as well as an activist and a polemicist, Frederick Douglass produced the most powerful argument for the affirmation of those principles in the history of AfricanAmerican political thought. Your doing with us has already played the mischief with us. She has something to say against your claim that you need a new cell phone, and it goes something like, 'No, you don't.'. It is very clear that Douglass wants us as readers understand the true humanity of him and other slaves and wants to show the extent to which perceptions of inequality are flawed. He talks of the ways in which black men and women struggle to hold their families together, and the importance of music as a way to express deep sadness. The existence of capital punishment deters violent crimes, Bringing up counterclaims provides the author with a sense of, Bringing up counterclaims allows the author to provide a, This above quote is an example of strong evidence because it directly relates to the claim and reasoning, providing factual evidence of the actual cost of capital punishment versus life in prison. John W. Blassingame and John R. McKivigan (New Haven: Yale University Press, 19791992), p. 430 (hereinafter Douglass Papers). [42] Douglass, Northern Whigs and Democrats, July 7, 1848, in Life and Writings, Vol. But it was upon becoming the editor of his own paper that his mind truly quickened. Twenty months later, he returned a free man by law, his freedom having been purchased with funds raised by English friends, and resumed his abolitionist labors in the U.S. To the contrary, it was a hard-won achievement, and as such, it contains valuable lessons for all Americans and especially for those who, like the young Douglass himself, find themselves dispirited about their place and prospects in their country. Fortunately, his master never treated him unkindly, until he was sent to be with a master that was the extreme opposite. https://www.facebook.com/groups/sorliteracyhub, Enter code 3716 for 10% Discount on all ELA and Reading Intervention Programs. . He also goes on to say a number of other things that basically establish that slaves live an easy and good life compared to others. It means light and liberty. It will tell that people and all others that the nation has the disposition if not entire ability to do the Negro right and justice.[54]. Spirited and independent-minded by nature, Douglass could abide mentors only to a limited degree even as a young man. He includes personal accounts he received while under the control of multiple different masters. Despite that glimmer of dignity at his origin, the year of his birth and the identity of his own father remained unknown to him throughout his life. Douglass endures unequalled as the invincible adversary of racial despair and disaffectionthe pre-eminent exemplar and apostle of hopefulness in the American promise of justice for all. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. 364366. Another way to organize the body of the essay is to spend two paragraphs discussing reasons and providing evidence for support and using the third body paragraph to address a counterclaim. It made of Americans one glorious and homogeneous people (as Douglass said of the Emancipation Proclamation)[30] and elevated America to its rightful place among nations as exemplar of the humanitarian spirit of the age. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Masterplots II: African American Literature Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself Analysis, Critical Edition of Young Adult Fiction Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself Analysis, Critical Context (Masterplots II: African American Literature), Critical Context (Critical Edition of Young Adult Fiction), Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by Himself, Frederick Douglass. Reasons for a claim can also be written as a "because" statement with the claim: the United States should ban capital punishment because capital punishment costs taxpayers more than life in prison. His final break with Garrison came in 1851, when he announced that he had come to reject the core Garrisonian doctrine that the U.S. Constitution was a pro-slavery instrument. [32] Douglass, What the Black Man Wants, January 1, 1865, in Douglass Papers, Vol. In time, Douglass came to see the wisdom in Lincolns prudent statesmanship, as he acknowledged in his most developed reflection on Lincoln, his speech at the unveiling of the Freedmens Monument to Lincoln in 1876. Working with the above claim and reasoning (the United States should ban capital punishment because capital punishment costs taxpayers more than life in prison), below is an example of strong evidence and weak evidence to support the claim and reason. [43] True abolition and true liberation, in Douglasss understanding, required the restoration of slaves property rights, not the elimination of all others property. Visiting Scholar, 2016-17 Visiting Fellow in American Political Thought, Frederick Douglasss America: Race, Justice, and the Promise of the Founding, Presidents Day Reflections on George Washingtons American Character, http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/wjclintonmemphis.htm, http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/speeches/constitutional_speech.htm, http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/doughtml/doughome.html. A reason tells why. What would you ask them to do? They also remarked that slaves were often singing, which was said to prove they were happy, asserted that slaves were well taken of with cradle-to-grave security offered by benign masters, and argued that Christianity insured that white slave owners treated slaves with compassion. Latest answer posted September 30, 2016 at 3:50:30 PM. A reader can see bleak picture of black slavery from the narration of Frederick Douglass who confronts brutal conduct of white masters throughout his childhood. [49] Douglass, The Color Question, July 5, 1875, in Douglass Papers, Vol. In response, Garrison intensified his calls for the dissolution of the American Union, while influential black abolitionists urged blacks to surrender their hopes in America and emigrate. [15] Douglass, What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? in Douglass Papers, Vol. II, p. 528 (emphasis in original). That the salvation of the nation lay in its rededication to them. That's your mom's counterclaim. Moreover, the increasing incidence of despairing extremism among many abolitionists during this period was abetted by a series of portentous events. James Madison, the commonly acknowledged Father of the Constitution, in a speech at the Constitutional Convention denounced slavery grounded in the mere distinction of colour as the most oppressive dominion ever exercised by man over man.[6] Likewise, Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, in his original draft of that document denounced slavery (not only the slave trade) as a cruel war against human naturean institution creating and depending on a market, he emphasized to excite outrage in his readers, where MEN should be bought & sold. All the major figures of the Founding forwarded similar denunciations of slavery. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - ferramedia.com Children would be separated from their mothers before they were twelve months in age-Frederick too was separated from his mother. [56] To the Editor of the National Republican, in Life and Writings, Vol. In fact, weve already writtenour argumentative essays on whether Phoebe was a good friend to Sal. Of course the writing prompt is a bit more complex. In all such policies, Douglass protested, there is clearly seen the purpose to crush our spirits, to cripple our enterprise and doom us to a condition of destitution and degradation.[44]. [60] He feared that such a development among black Americans likewise would be the effect of continuing failures to do justice by American institutions, as it could result also from the disaffection propagated by black advocates of emigration, despairing of Americas prospects for reform. Get the Writing Style Posters FREE Resource: Grammar/Mechanics, Literacy Centers, Study Skills, Writing argument essay, argumentative essay, common core writing standards, counterargument sentence frames, Counterarguments, Counterclaim and Refutation Sentence Frames, counterclaim sentence frames, counterclaim transitions, Counterclaims, essay argument, essay strategies, Mark Pennington, Opposing Claims, rebut, Rebuttal, Refutation, refute, Teaching Essay Strategies, writing style, and receive a free welcome gift! Curiosity may have killed the cat, but it will help you be a good interviewer. It is appealing to think that Kings dream has been realized, at least in its essentials, by the reforms of the Civil Rights Erareforms that King himself characterized as the third, the greatest, and the culminating American Revolution. This technique helps to make the argument more effective by strengthening the claim being made. The Union victory signified, for Douglass, much more than the defeat of one particular rebellion and more, too, than the defeat of the troublesome particular doctrines that inspired that rebellion. IV, p. 63. One is that slavery was an institution that corrupted whites and robbed (or attempted to rob) blacks of their humanity. 350351. . [31] Douglass, Our Composite Nationality, December 7, 1869, in Douglass Papers, Vol. Even though we must face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, King told his audience, I still have a dream. Central to the question of the wars larger moral legacy was the fate of those with whom he peculiarly identified: those lately emancipated. 'Mom, I really need a new cell phone!' Create your account. Reiterating at the end of his life a powerful theme of his earliest writings, Douglass insisted that educationmeans emancipation. He had finally conquered his fear of water. The propensity of the latter, he warned, was to foster an enervating spirit of alienationa perpetual longing for some mighty revolution, diverting and dissipating the energies of those who harbored it.[59]. With due respect to King and to other stalwarts of the 20th-century movement, I submit that in the search for the most thoughtful proponents of the pro-integration, pro-America argument, there is no worthier object of our attention than the life and thought of the greatest of their 19th-century predecessors, the renowned abolitionist and advocate of civil and political equality Frederick Douglass. I, p. 311. How does douglass refute this counterclaim? - Brainly.com We utterly repudiate all invidious distinctions, whether in our favor or against us, and ask only for a fair field and no favor.[49]. IV, p. 459. What is the Function of a Claim in an Argument? Douglass' primary claim in his narrative is that a nation predicated upon individual freedom cannot allow slavery to exist. Undaunted by these setbacks, however, he maintained to the end a strenuous schedule of speaking and writing, laboring to remind the succeeding generations that there was a right side and a wrong side in the late war and to propagate his undying faith in the mission and promise of America. Note that the only factual claim on the topic is the claim of fact. The short essay, Slavery as a Mythologized Institution, explains how people in that time period justified the disgusting behavior that was demonstrated regularly. In his successive responses to these developments, Douglass expressed not despair but rising hopefulness. The Common Core State Standards for grades 7-12 include the counterclaim in the argumentative essay (W. 1.0). Not just, 'Because I said so.' 1. [48] What the Black Man Wants, in Douglass Papers, Vol. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? [19] Douglass, What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? in Douglass Papers, Vol. Douglass refutes Fitzhughs pro-slavery argument of the average slave living an ideal life, by disproving early ideas of the free labor system and paternalism through real life encounters of the physical oppression slaves faced on the day to day basis in the forms of inhumane treatment and violence, as well as the true harsh, The brutality that slaves endured form their masters and from the institution of slavery caused slaves to be denied their god given rights. In the Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass, we are exposed to the iniquity of slavery and the dehumanization of the black race, which then led Frederick Douglass to recognize that literacy and education would aid him in his flight to freedom. All rights reserved. In all this talk of race, the motive may be good, but the method is bad. In paragraph 5, what does douglass acknowledge as a counterclaim to This reassuring view is not, however, the prevailing opinion among postCivil Rights Era scholars and activists concerned with race relations. It is difficult to challenge the accuracy of the first hand account offered. This is an effective counterclaim because it disagrees with the claim (stating that it should not be banned) and provides reasoning that disproves it (that it provides closure). Later, he finds out that while the conditions are slightly better there is still a great deal of injustice. II, p. 375. Through his knowledge, he learns more about his situation and potential. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - ammcap.com An argumentative essay is an essay in which the writer tries to persuade a particular audience that their claim or point of view is correct.

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